Someone says something in a meeting, and before they finish the sentence, the verdict is in. “What a jerk.” Your jaw tightens. You’ve already decided who they are.
Or it goes the other way. The offer drops on a webinar. Only the first people to buy get the bonus. Your heart is racing, and your hand is already reaching for your card before you’ve read the fine print.
Both of those are judgments. One slams the door. The other rushes you through it. Neither one gives you room to think.
In this Mindfulness Matters conversation, Jonathan Dugger and I break down judgment vs discernment. We also make room for what your judgment is there to do, because it often points straight to your values. Then we look at how to decide who to trust in business. Our example is the coaching industry, where making money can sometimes crowd out the customer.
In this episode on how to decide who to trust in business, you’ll discover:
- The difference between judgment and discernment, and how to feel which one you’re in
- Why judgment aims at a person while discernment looks at the behavior and the context
- What your snap judgments are for, and when to trust your gut
- How your judgments can point you to your values and your boundaries
- Why a sales pitch can leave you feeling like you have to buy right now
- Why curiosity helps you decide with more confidence
- How to know if you need a therapist, a coach, a strategist, or a consultant
- Four questions to ask any coach or expert before you hire them
What's the difference between judgment and discernment?
Judgment goes straight to a verdict. The gavel comes down, and the decision is made with nothing in between. It’s usually aimed at a person: “That guy is a jerk.” Discernment stays curious a little longer. It looks at the behavior, the context, and your own reaction before it decides. Jonathan Dugger, a licensed psychotherapist (LPC) with a doctorate in psychology, points out that you can feel the difference. Judgment runs hot. It feels angry, or it feels like a frenzy. Discernment feels curious and often compassionate. Judging doesn’t make you a bad person. Everyone does it, and it can point you to what you value. The shift is asking one question after the gavel drops. Is there something this person could do or say that would change my mind? Now you have something to go find out, and your decision gets built on real information.
Is it bad to judge people?
No. Everyone judges. Jonathan Dugger, a licensed psychotherapist (LPC) with a doctorate in psychology, explains that snap judgments are wired into all of us, because some moments call for action with no time to think. Judgment can also show you what you care about. When something sets you off, it’s often because it goes against one of your values. Anger works the same way. It’s a cue. Trouble starts when the verdict becomes the final word and you act on it without checking. So let the judgment happen, then get curious. Notice where you feel it in your body. Ask what value it’s pointing to. Then decide what you’ll do about it. Sometimes discernment leads you to a boundary, like choosing not to engage with something that doesn’t fit what you stand for.
How do I decide who to trust in business?
Start with your gut, then give it five minutes. Jonathan Dugger, a licensed psychotherapist (LPC) with a doctorate in psychology, explains that snap judgments are built for life-or-death moments, when there’s no time to think. Most business decisions aren’t life or death. So listen to the signal, then ask where it’s coming from. Is it about what this person is doing? Or does it remind you of a bad experience, a bias, or a belief you grew up with? Next, ask questions. What training do they have for this work? What don’t they work with? What results can’t they promise? Then talk to more than one person. I always say interview three, because sometimes what felt like the right fit was just really good marketing. If you can’t make a call at all, that’s usually fear or avoidance talking. Curiosity is what helps you move.
Why do I feel like I have to buy right now when I hear a sales pitch?
That rush is your body getting revved up. Countdown timers and limited bonuses are built to create that feeling. Dopamine plays a part. It’s the chemical behind wanting, and it fires during the chase, before you have the thing. Think of the buzz you get with a full shopping cart before you ever check out. Fear of missing out can stir up the same frenzy. Underneath, there’s often a hidden belief working to keep you safe, something like “If I don’t act now, I won’t be successful.” In Immunity to Change® work, that’s called a big assumption. When you notice the rush, take a breath and get back in your body. Then ask yourself a few questions. Does this solve a real need in my business? Is the money there for it? Or does it just sound fun?
How do I know if I need a therapist, a coach, a strategist, or a consultant?
Start with what you need help with. If you’re dealing with trauma, depression, anxiety, or anything that needs a diagnosis or treatment, that’s the work of a licensed therapist or a doctor. Legal and investment questions belong with a licensed attorney or financial adviser. Beyond that, titles get blurry. Coach, consultant, and strategist aren’t regulated, so ask what you’ll walk away with and who does the work. A strategist is highly specialized and gives you the steps, and you or your team carry them out. A consultant is usually brought in to solve a specific problem in your business. A coach may offer general accountability, or may specialize in helping you understand why you keep getting stuck and how to move past it. Many people use more than one at a time. A therapist and a coach often work well together.
A snap judgment at the bank
Jonathan was standing in line at the bank, in a hurry, when the man ahead of him started being rude to the teller. Jonathan’s first thought was, “What a jerk.” The verdict was in.
Then he noticed he was getting angry. He was impatient and running late, and that was feeding it. So he started paying attention. He noticed the man’s hygiene. His shirt was buttoned wrong. His behavior looked aggressive, but he was really asking for help.
The teller saw it too. She told him she wanted to help, but he needed to tell her how, because all he was doing was yelling at her. She stayed calm, and the whole moment shifted.
Jonathan’s snap judgment had nothing to do with what the man was doing. It was about who Jonathan decided he was. Once he looked at the context, he saw a completely different situation.
That’s the heart of judgment vs discernment. The first is a verdict about who someone is. The second looks at what’s happening and gets curious. Moving from one to the other changes what you can see, whether you’re standing in line at the bank or deciding who to trust in business.
Judgment vs discernment
Judgment hands down a verdict
In mindfulness practice, the goal is to stay out of judgment and in curiosity. Jonathan explains why. Judgment goes straight to a verdict with no process in between. He’s a visual thinker, so when he catches himself judging, he pictures Judge Judy bringing the gavel down. The decision is made before any facts come in.
Judgment also tends to aim at a person. “She is so lazy.” “That guy is a jerk.” Discernment aims at the behavior and the context. What’s going on around this person? What’s going on with me? I talk more about how judgment and criticism get in the way of connection in EP073: Comparison and Judgment in Entrepreneurship.
You can feel the difference in your body. Judgment runs hot. It feels angry. I’d add that it can also run hot in an excited, frenzied way, which I’ll come back to. Discernment feels curious and often compassionate.
One word can open the door to curiosity
Partway through our conversation, Jonathan caught something I said without thinking. I described a coach who claims to be your everything as “potentially” serving their ego. He pointed out that judgment would have said they are. That one word, potentially, leaves room for curiosity. It turns a sentence I’ve already passed into a question I can still ask.
“Judgment is usually aimed at a person. Discernment is aimed at a context and a behavior.” — Jonathan Dugger
What your judgment is trying to tell you
This is the part I wanted to make room for. Judging doesn’t make you a bad person. Everyone judges. Jonathan explains that snap judgments are wired into all of us for life-or-death moments, when there’s no time to think. In those moments, your gut keeps you safe. So trust your gut, and don’t ignore the signal.
Most decisions aren’t life or death, though. When you can, take five minutes to ask where the reaction is coming from. Is it what’s happening in front of you? Or is it an old experience, a bias, or a belief you grew up with that was never yours? Our snap judgments are often shaped by past experience, and five minutes is enough to check.
Your judgments point to your values
When I follow my own snap judgments back, they usually lead to my values. Political ads are my favorite example. When I brought them up on the episode, our Podcast Club members said amen in the chat.
When an ad spends its whole time tearing down the other candidate, my reaction is instant. It doesn’t sway me. It makes me think somebody needs a nap and a snack. What I want to say is, do what you do well and show me what you stand for. Tell me your platform. Then I can compare and contrast. Jonathan pointed out that attack ads give you nothing to be curious about. You’re asked to judge someone else instead of weighing the person asking for your vote.
That reaction is a judgment. So I get curious about it. Underneath, the ad goes against what I value. My discernment then becomes a choice. I don’t engage with that kind of message. That’s a boundary, and I talk about telling a boundary from avoidance in EP117: How to Tell the Difference Between a Boundary and Avoidance.
Anger works the same way. In EP094: Anger as Fuel: How Aware Leaders Use It Without Letting It Take Over, I talk about how anger can help you define your values and your boundaries. Anger is a cue. What matters is what you do with it. The more of us who use discernment to step away from behavior that doesn’t match our values, the less power that behavior has.
When judgment feels like excitement
Judgment can run hot like anger. It can also run hot like excitement. “If you don’t act now…” You get the FOMO and the frenzy. You’ve got to be first in line so you get the free book. This kind of judgment is easy to miss, because it feels good. It’s still a dysregulated feeling, and it leads to fast decisions you can end up regretting.
Here’s what’s happening underneath. Dopamine is the chemical behind wanting. It fires during the chase, before you ever have the thing. It’s the buzz of a full shopping cart before you check out. And your big assumption may be adding fuel. In Immunity to Change®, a methodology developed by Harvard faculty Dr. Robert Kegan and Dr. Lisa Lahey, big assumptions are the rules your unconscious made up about how the world works, designed to keep you safe. This one might sound like, “In order to be successful, I have to act now.”
That’s where discernment says slow down. Take a breath. Get back in your body. Then ask why you think you have to have this. Does it fill a real gap in your business? Is it something you were already looking for? Or does it just sound fun? Jonathan adds one more. Sometimes you don’t even need the thing. You just like the person and what they represent.
When I think I need something for my business, I take it to Jenn Baas, the financial strategist who leads our Financial Leadership Lab. We ask whether the money is there, what we expect it to produce, and how we’ll know if it’s working. Asking those questions gives me a lot more discernment.
Curiosity doesn’t slow you down
People tell Jonathan they don’t have all day to be curious. With practice, it happens in milliseconds. When someone gets stuck and can’t act, curiosity isn’t the cause. That’s usually avoidance or fear. Curiosity helps you take action based on real information. For me, curiosity is what makes it feel safe to move forward.
“Curiosity makes it feel safe to move forward.”
Putting judgment vs discernment to work: the coaching industry
Coaching is our example of how to decide who to trust in business. Jonathan and I have both been seeing something there that worries us. People are losing trust in coaching and consulting. And this goes far beyond coaching. It shows up anywhere making money becomes more important than the customer.
My ask of my own industry is the same as my ask of political ads. Show people what you stand for. That’s why I have a no-jabs policy. I’m not here to put another coach down. I’m asking all of us to be professional and treat this craft with the respect it deserves. You wouldn’t practice medicine without being qualified. Coaching is a helping profession, and that means keeping a pulse on your own ego.
What we’re seeing
Jonathan has heard this firsthand at wellness conferences. During COVID, there was a real shortage of mental health providers. Some people stepped in to grow their skills and help. Others saw a chance to make money or build a social media following. Resources have improved since then. In Jonathan’s view, though, the problem of people practicing without the training, or promoting ideas with no research behind them, has gotten worse.
I see a version of this in the coaching world too. There’s a strong culture of coaches coaching coaches on how to build a coaching business. I’ve been part of it. When I first got certified, I knew how to do the work, but I didn’t know how to market it. I remember praying, “God, if you want me to do this, send me something so clear I can’t deny it’s my next step.” A marketing coach who worked with a lot of coaches showed up, and I got real help.
What concerns me is the push to scale at any cost. Group programs can be powerful, and there’s still a place for one-on-one work. But I’ve heard it taught again and again that you have to accept a drop in quality when you scale. People get fewer results. The wrong people end up in the program. As Jonathan says, when the focus is volume, the goal becomes getting someone in the seat and collecting the payment. Quality and fit get skipped.
Writing off a whole industry is a judgment too
When people get burned, the easy response is black and white. “Coaching is bunk.” “You can’t trust any of them.” I understand why people go there. It’s the gavel coming down again.
Someone in my mastermind made a fair point. Everyone’s an adult, and people get to choose who they work with. I agree that people aren’t victims. I also believe that in an unregulated industry, those of us providing the service have a responsibility to hold ourselves to a code of ethics, even when no one requires one. Jonathan and I both expect more regulation is coming. I’m not afraid of it. As long as it supports the industry, I’ll follow the rules so I can keep doing what I’m here to do.
Know what kind of help you need
Part of deciding who to trust in business is knowing whether a coach is what you need at all. Jonathan is clear that a coach practicing as a therapist is crossing a legal line, and so is someone giving the kind of financial advice that requires a license. (Fact check: In the US, states license mental health treatment, and practicing therapy without the required license can bring real legal trouble. The rules vary by state. Giving investment advice for pay generally requires registration too. Talk with an attorney about your specific situation.)
Trauma, depression, anxiety, or anything that needs a diagnosis and treatment belongs with a licensed therapist or a doctor. Beyond that, it gets confusing. Titles like coach, consultant, and strategist aren’t regulated, so almost anyone can use them. Two people with the same title can offer very different things. (Licensed titles, like psychologist or licensed counselor, are protected by law.) So look past the title and ask what you’ll walk away with and who does the work. Here’s how I define them.
A strategist is highly specialized. They give you the steps, and then it’s up to you or your team to carry them out. A consultant can also give you a plan, and is usually brought in to solve a specific problem in the business. Some consultants help put the plan in place too, so ask. A coach can be a generalist who offers accountability, or can specialize in helping you understand yourself, why you keep getting stuck, and how to move past it. You’ll also see blends, like a strategy coach, who teaches the steps in a coaching format.
Many of my clients see a therapist and work with me at the same time. We bring two different perspectives, and it works well together. Jonathan calls it a great pairing. I also work with a lot of people who have a strategy coach. That coach teaches the how. I help with the system of self-protection running underneath, when you’ve got one foot on the gas, ready to do the strategy, and one foot on the brake, because something feels unsafe.
So one coach can’t be your everything. If someone tells you they are, get curious. Part of my own training is checking how much of my big assumption is at play with a client. Good coaches check themselves.
How I answer Jonathan’s questions
Jonathan’s checklist below asks four questions of any coach. It’s only fair that I answer them too.
What training do you have for this specific work? I’m a Certified Immunity to Change® Coach. I’ve worked with the method since 2011 and completed my coaching certification in 2016. It’s a research-based methodology grounded in adult development and behavioral change. I also bring more than 20 years in training and curriculum design. And my training sits on top of lived experience. I grew up with parents who owned businesses, and I started my own entrepreneurial journey in my early 20s.
What don’t you work with? I don’t handle situations that involve deep trauma, like the trauma caused by abuse. I don’t treat mental health conditions, and I don’t make a diagnosis. I don’t give legal or investment advice. Many people need support in these areas, and we can still work together. I draw a clear line around what’s in my scope, and the rest goes to the right professional.
When do you refer someone elsewhere, and to whom? Whenever something comes up that belongs with someone else. I may ask you questions to help you pull out what you believe. And I will always tell you to follow up with the right professional, whether that’s a mental health provider, a physician, licensed legal counsel, or a financial adviser. On a first call, I tell people which parts of what they shared I can help with and which parts I’d advise them to see a therapist about.
What results can’t you promise? I don’t guarantee returns or a certain amount of business growth. What I do is ask questions that help you gather your own thoughts, discern the right next step for you, and follow through on your decisions. I help you look at the hidden competing commitments that may stop you from following through, so you understand why you feel and act the way you do.
“It is your responsibility as the consumer to vet people and to use discernment before you make that purchase.”
Why discernment matters
You probably know someone who says, “I don’t trust doctors.” So they skip the checkups. They don’t get the mole looked at. It’s cutting off your nose to spite your face.
Writing off every coach, or every expert in any field, works the same way. There are great people out there helping in a lot of different ways. Jonathan sees a growing group he calls the light bringers. They come from compassion and kindness, and more of them are looking for ways to collaborate instead of compete. That gives me a lot of hope.
As Jonathan puts it, judgment tends to shut everything down. Discernment opens things up. Curiosity leads to clarity, and clarity leads to a sound decision that fits your values and what you need. That’s the real gift of choosing discernment.
When you’re deciding who to trust in business, your part is to use discernment before you buy, partner, or collaborate with anyone. I always say interview three, even if the first person seems like the one. The more people do their part, the more they choose the people who are here for the right reasons. Your business benefits, and so does your life. The people here for the wrong reasons will either leave or rise to the same standard.
Maya Angelou taught that when you know better, you do better. That’s what I expect of all of us, including me.
How to Tell If a Coach Is a Good Fit
Jonathan Dugger put together this checklist to help you decide who to trust in business.
Hiring an expert means trusting what they tell you they can do. In coaching, titles don’t come with a guarantee, so a few questions up front can save you a lot of time and money. Ask any coach (or any expert) you’re considering:
- “What training do you have for this specific work?”
- “What don’t you work with?”
- “When do you refer someone elsewhere, and to whom?”
- “What results can’t you promise?”
A good coach answers these easily. Hesitation or defensiveness tells you something too.
Signs someone may be working outside their scope:
- Claims to diagnose, treat, or cure conditions like trauma, depression, or anxiety
- Discourages clients from therapy or medication
- Guarantees outcomes (Jonathan and I call this the ick factor)
- Has no clear answer about what they don’t work with or when they refer
- Has vague credentials you can’t verify
Plenty of excellent coaches have no license, and licensed professionals can step outside their scope too. What matters is knowing what someone is trained to do and whether they’re honest about the edges.
About Jonathan Dugger
Jonathan Dugger is the founder of Mindful Rise Consulting, where he helps entrepreneurs, leaders, and teams define success on their own terms and grow toward it without burning out. He holds a doctorate in psychology and is a licensed psychotherapist (LPC) and mindfulness teacher. He formerly practiced as a licensed clinical and sport psychologist. He has also been building and running his own businesses since 1995, so he knows the highs and lows of leading under pressure from the research and from experience. As Alecia’s longtime business partner and the resident wellness advocate on The Conscious Edge® Podcast, he hosts the Mindfulness Matters with Jonathan segment and brings research-grounded mindfulness to the human side of leadership.
Resources and Links Mentioned
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- Instagram: @aleciastg
- LinkedIn: Alecia St. Germain
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